Abu Qatada al-Ansari (Larabci: أبو قتادة الأنصاري) (Da Larabci الحارث بن ربعي ) .), ya kasance daya daga cikin sahabban Manzon Allah ﷺ. Ya taimaka a yakin Uhudu da Sulhun Hudaibiyyah.
Ya kasance sojan rundunar Manzon Allah (SAWW) wanda ake kira “Faris Rasul Allah (SAWW)”. A mafi yawan yake-yake ya yi Yaki A Karkashin Rundunar Manzon Allah (SAWW) da kuma a lokacin Imam Ali (AS) ya halarci yakin Jamal da Siffin da Nahrawan Abu Qatada ya ruwaito daga Annabi (SAWW) da wasunsu.
Sunansa
Sunan nasa Abu Qatada, amma akwai ra’ayi daban-daban game da sunansa. Wasu sun rubuta shi Nu’man ko Amr. An ambaci zuriyar mahaifinsa da Rib’i ibn Baldama (ko Taldhama) ibn Khina
An haifi Abu Qatadah a Madina. Ya fito ne daga Banu Sulaym, reshen kabilar Khazraj
Abu Qatada mahayin doki ne a cikin rundunar Manzon Allah (SAWW) wanda aka fi sani da “Faris Rasullulah (SAWW)”. An ambaci cewa a yakin Ghazwa (yakin) yana Gaba a lokacin da Abu Qatada ya ka*she Mas’ada domin daukar fansar Muhriz ibn Nadla Wani sahabin Manzon Allah (SAWW) ya kira Abu Qatada “Faris” (Ma’abocin Sarrafa Doki).
Manzon Allah Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallama ya yabi Abu Qatadah رضي الله عنه yana mai cewa:
“Mafi alherin mahayan dawakanmu a yau shi ne Abu Qatadah, kuma mafi alherin ‘masu Kundunbala shi ne Salamah (ibn al-Akwa) .”
Galibi Yakin Ghazwa da Sariyya Abu Qatada ya halarta amma akwai ra’ayoyi mabanbanta game da halartarsa a yakin Badar. Dangane da wannan sabani kuwa, Ibn Athir ya ce, ya yi imani da cewa Abu Qatada ya halarci dukkan yakokin Manzon Allah (SAWW) da suka hada da yakin Badar.
Haka kuma Al-Tabarani ya ruwaito cewa, a jajibirin ranar da yakin Badar Abu Qatada ya kasance mai gadin Manzon Allah (saww). Ban da yakin Badar, akwai bayanai game da halartarsa yakin Uhudu da kuma yakokin da suka yi tare da Manzon Allah (SAWW) .
Abu Qatada ya kasance mahayin doki a mafi yawan yake-yake kuma wani lokaci ya kasance mai kula da jagorancin kungiyarta (Mahaya Dawakai)
A cikin 4 / 625-626, an sanya shi tare da wasu mahayan dawakai guda huɗu don su ka*she Abu Rafi’ Sallam ibn Abi l-Haqiq wanda ya ke ware lada mai yawa, ya bukaci wata kungiya daga kabilar Ghatfan da Larabawa makwabta da su yi yaki da Manzon Allah (SAWW). Abu Qatada ya kammala wannan aiki cikin nasara.
Ba tare da Khalid ba
Bayan wafatin Annabi (SAWW) Abu Qatada yana cikin rundunar Khalid ibn Walid (RA) a wajen ka*she Malik ibn Nuwayra. Da yake bayason Kaushin Hali Irinna Khalid, sai ya je wurin Sayyadina Abubakar (RA) ya rantse cewa ba zai sake zuwa yaki a karkashin tutar Khalid ba.
Shiga cikin Yakin Farisa
An ce Abu Qatada ya taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen yakar Farisa a lokacin Sayyadina Umar ibn al-Khattab (RA).
A gwamnatin Imam Ali (AS)
A zamanin halifancin Imam Ali (AS) Abu Qatada ya yaki A Karkashin Imam Ali (AS) a yakin Jamal da Siffin kuma lokacin da Imam (AS) ya shiga Basra a yakin Jamal Abu Qatada yana cikin mahayan dawakansa.
A yakin da aka yi da Khawarij Abu Qatada yana cikin kwamandojin sojoji kuma ya jagoranci sojojin kafa. Kuma ya kasance gwamnan Makka na wani lokaci a lokacin mulkin Imam Ali (AS).
Riwayar Hadisai
Baya ga Annabi (SAW), Abu Qatada ya ruwaito daga Ma’adh da Sayyadina Umar ibn al-Khattab (RA)
Anas ibn Malik, Sa’id ibn Musayyib , ‘Ata’ ibn Yasar, ‘Ali ibn Riya , ‘Abdullahi ibn Riyah da wasunsu ciki har da ‘ya’yansa, Thabit da Abdullahi sun ruwaito daga Abu Qatada. An ambaci ruwayoyi da yawa daga gare shi a cikin nassoshi hadisi kamar al-Sihah al-Sitta da Musnad Ibn Hanbal.
Abu Qatadah رضي الله عنه sananne ne a cikin al’ummar malaman musulunci a matsayin masu ruwayar hadisai da dama wadanda suka kawo a cikin tarin hadisai da dama, ciki har da Sahihul Bukhari.
Haka nan Abu Qatadah رضي الله عنه ya ruwaito hadisi dangane da hukuncin fiqhu na rantsuwa a cikin ciniki wanda ya zama shiriya ga malaman Mazhabar Sunnah wajen aiwatar da shari’a a duk wata ciniki Da tattalin arziki.
Rasuwar sa
Wasu sun ambata cewa mutuwarsa ta faru a cikin 38 / 658-9 wasu kuma sun ambace shi a cikin 40 / 660-1. Har ila yau, an ce ya rasu a Kufa, kuma Imam Ali (AS) ya yi masa sallah, amma labarin rasuwarsa a Madina ya fi shahara. Abu Qatada ya rasu yana da shekaru 70.
Madogarar Wannan Rubutu
1, Khalīfa, Tārīkh-i Khalīfa , vol. 1, p. 224; Ibn Ḥabban, Tarikh al-shahaba , p. 69.
2, Ibn al-Athīr, Usd al-ghaba , vol. 5, ku. 274; Ibn Hajar, al-Ishaba , vol. 4, ku. 158.
3, Wāqidi, al-Maghāzi , vol. 2, ku. 762; Ibn Sa’d, al-Tabaqat al-kabir , vol. 2, ku. 58, 61; Ṭabari, Tarikh al-Tabari , vol. 2, ku. 600.
4, Tabari, Tarikh al-Tafabari , vol. 2, ku. 600.
