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1. Nigeria na da wadaccen mai, amma sai in ji an cewa za a cire tallafin mai. Malam Nasir wane tallafi kuma za’a cire alhalin mu ke sayarwa da wasu mai??
AMSA
Mafi yawan mutane ba su fahimci yadda sha’anin mai ya ke ba, kamar dai mai wannan tambayar. Har yanzun akwai wadanda su gani su ma babu wani tallafin mai ballantana a cire. To bari ka ji yadda abin ya ke dalla-dalla.
Tabbas Nigeria na daya ga cikin kasashen da ke samarwa duniya da Crude oil, domin Nigeria ita ce ma ke samar da 2.2% na crude oil din da ake amfani da shi a duniya. Idan na ce crude oil to ina nufin danyen mai ba fetur ba. Ma’ana Nigeria na samar da crude oil ne wanda daga cikin crude oil ake fitar da petrol (fetur), lubricating oils (engine oils), Jet fuel (man jirgi), diesel (gas), asphalt (kwalta) da dai sauransu.
Kafin crude oil ya zama fetur dole sai an tace shi a refinery. Tace danyan mai ba kamar tace ruwa da gari ba ne, abu ne mai wahala da ke bukatar bin matakai. A takaice dai Nigeria Crude oil ta ke sayarwa kasashen duniya. Daga cikin kasashen da ke sayen crude oil din mu na Nigeria akwai; United States, India, France, Italy, Spain, Netherlands, South Africa, Japan, South Korea, Indonesia, Portugal, Canada, Ghana, Ivory Coast, Cameroon da sauransu.
Nigeria na amfani da pipeline ne wajen zirga-zirga da crude oil zuwa tashoshin ruwa. Daga cikin pipeline din akwai; Trans Niger Pipeline (TNP) wanda ke daukar mai daga Niger Delta zuwa Bonny Export, Trans Forcados Pipeline (TFP) wanda ke daukar mai daga Niger Delta zuwa Forcados Export Terminal, sai kuma Escravos-Lagos Pipeline System (ELPS) da ke daukar mai zuwa Lagos.
Daga wadannan ports din da na lissafa ne Nigeria ke kai crude oil zuwa Kasar da ta saya ta hanyar manyan tankunan jiragen ruwa kamar; Very Large Crude Carriers (VLCCs) da ke iya daukar 200,000 – 320,000DWT na crude oil, Nigeria na amfani da su wajen kai mai kasashe mai nisa. Sai Suezmax Tankers da ke daukar 120,000 – 200,000DWT, Nigeria na amfani da su wajen kai mai yankin Europe. Sai kuma Aframax Tankers da ke iya daukar 80,000 – 120,000 DWT, yawancin Nigeria na amfani da su wajen kai Crude oil zuwa kasashen makafta da ba su da nisa.
Nigeria na samar da crude oil a kalla 1,938,543 barrels a kowacce rana (adadin yana raguwa kuma yana karuwa). A ciki take aje wani adadi a matsayin reserve, wani adadi a matsayin bukatar cikin gida, wani adadi kuma ta sayar.
Nigeria na da matatun mai guda uku: Port Harcourt Refinery mai girman iya tace 210,000 barrels a kowacce rana. Warri Refinery mai girman iya tace 125,000 a kowace rana. Kaduna Refinery mai karfin tace 110,000 barrel a kowacce rana. Duka wadannan matatun sun mutu, ma’ana ba sa aiki a halin yanzun.
Toh koda ma suna aiki dukkaninsu ba za su iya wadata Nigeria da fetur din da ta ke bukata ba. Don haka mu ke sayar da Crude oil mu sayo fetur da sauransu. A kowacce rana Yan Nigeria na bukatar fetur litter 80 million ( a sabon kisayin 2023). Wannan fa iya fetur kawai banda sauran, yayin da matatun mai din mu ba sa aiki ballantana su ta ce mai din. A dalilin haka na Nigeria ke sayo fetur daga kasashen waje a cikin kudin da ta sayar da Crude oil.
Nigeria ta dogara ne mai wajen samun kudin shiga da a kalla 70%, a cikin kudin ne ta ke sawo fetur domin wadata kasar da yawan fetur din da ta ke bukata. A 2022 Nigeria ta samu $45.6 billion na crude oil din da ta sayar, ta kuma kashe $28 billion wajen sayo iya fetur kawai. Daga cikin kasashen da Nigeria ke sayarwa crude oil kuma daga su din ne dai ta ke sayo fetur ita ma, saboda suna da manyan refineries da su ke iya tace mai su sayar.
Duk da ya ke ban san takamaiman farashin da Nigeria ke sayo fetur a kasashen ba, sannan ban san nawa ake kashewa wajen dakon kowacce lita da sauran costs ba, amma a wata hira da aka yi da Shugaban NNPC ya ce a kowacce litter Nigeria na biyan tallafin N202.
A takaice dai Nigeria na sawo fetur ne a farashin da ya wuce na Nigeria, sai Gwamnati ta sayar kasa da haka, a matsayin tallafin man fetur domin yan kasa su sayi fetur da sauki. To kudin da Gwamnatin ke biya waje bada wannan tallafin ne ya wuce misali saboda yawan yan Nigeria da kuma yawan fetur din da su ke bukata. Misal, kafin Buhari ya zama shugaban kasa adadin yan Nigeria 179.4 million (2014, amma zuwa yanzu 218.5 million ne (2022). Mutanen da su ka karu daga hawan Buhari zuwa saukarsa sun kai 39 million kenan. Watau adadin ya fi adadin mutane Kasar Saudiyya, domin yanzun haka mutane Saudiyya 36.94 million ne (2023).
Saudiyya kullum tana samar da Crude oil 12,402,761 barrel, ma’ana kusan ninki shida na man da Nigeria ke samarwa. Saudia tana bukatar fetur 20 million liters, tana kuma iya tace 80 million liters kullum. Kenan ita har reserve na 60 million Lita na fetur ma ta ke ajewa, domin tana ta ce fiye da yadda ta ke bukata. Adadin Yan Nigeria ya ninka adadin yan Saudiyya sau 6, adadin man da Saudi ke samarwa ya ninka na Nigeria sau 6????, adadin man da Yan Nigeria ke bukata ya ninka na Saudia sau 4. Mu Nigeria sayowa mu ke, ita kuma Saudia sayarwa ta ke. Saudiyya na daga cikin kasashen da Nigeria ke sayen fetur a wajensu, amma duk da haka farashin fetur a Saudia ya kai 2.33 Saudi Riyal ( kusan N300). Ma’ana, kafin saukar Buhari Nigeria na sayar da mai kasa da yadda Saudiyya ke sayarwa.
Ina fatan mai tambaya ya fahimta. Ina fito maku da bayanan nan dalla-dalla ne saboda ku fahimci yadda harkar mai ta ke sosai kai a waye.
